Employee surveys are one of the most effective ways to measure corporate culture. By providing quantifiable data on workforce attitudes, surveys give companies the ability to benchmark against their own results, industry peers, and national averages to identify organizational strengths and weaknesses.

Surveys are more than a “nice-to-do,” says Sara Weiner, consulting director for Kenexa, a consulting firm that focuses on personnel issues. “They're a true business imperative.”

So it's important that companies get the process right.

“Increasingly employers are looking at surveys as strategic tools to make the organization not only a better place to work, but a more ...