Organisations that supply “essential” services, but which fail to implement “effective” cyber-security measures, could be fined as much as £17m (U.S.$22m) or 4 percent of global turnover as part of plans to make the United Kingdom “safe, secure and resilient” from cyber-attacks.

Neil Hodge is a freelance business journalist and photographer based in Nottingham, United Kingdom. He writes on insurance and risk management, corporate governance, internal audit, compliance, and legal...