The U.K.’s Department for Business and Trade named 524 businesses found to have failed to pay the national minimum wage (NMW).

The companies, which include well-known brands such as Estee Lauder Cosmetics, EasyJet, Greggs, and Currys, have collectively had to repay nearly 16 million pounds (U.S. $20 million) to 172,000 employees, plus additional financial penalties of up to 200 percent of their underpayment. Staffline Recruitment had the largest bill, after failing to pay approximately £5.1 million (U.S. $6.5 million) to 36,767 workers.

Ruth Prickett graduated from Cambridge University with a BA hons in History and has specialized in business and finance journalism for the past 20 years. She was editor of Financial Management, the magazine...