Ireland—home EU regulator to Big Tech firms including Google, Twitter, and Facebook—is the key country not to have issued a GDPR-related fine yet, though the regulator has said it has started at least 19 inquiries into the sector.

That includes one into Facebook over its password security measures and another into Google over concerns that its online Ad Exchange violated the GDPR by illegally tapping into sensitive personal information about internet users, such as their race, health, and political leanings, and sharing it with advertisers.

Neil Hodge is a freelance business journalist and photographer based in Nottingham, United Kingdom. He writes on insurance and risk management, corporate governance, internal audit, compliance, and legal...