Once upon a time, managing identities was a snap. Corporate IT infrastructure consisted of a single, hulking IBM mainframe with a relatively specialized group of back-office users who were either logged on or not. If line employees or managers had computers at all, they were used for word processing and spreadsheets, and people โ€œnetworkedโ€ machines by handing floppy disks to one another.

Today even the janitor might carry a Blackberryโ€”bringing a boon to productivity, yes, but also turning identity management into a terrific challenge for corporate executives who must assure regulators that only those who are properly authorized to access financial systems actually do.